外贸换单是什么意思_换单怎么操作

內容

订舱便是提货单换提单(SWITCH BILL)。收件人先收到送货方的B/L(BILL OF LADING)，船抵达取货方海港后，收件人持B/L到船运公司特定订舱处获得D/O(DELIVERY ORDER)，成箱货一般都需要获得提单后持提单出口报关，缴纳海港花费及取货。

订舱标准

1.提货单整合理

正本提单：应该有”Original”字眼，并有船运公司送货港代理商的签字盖章。

团本提货单：笔迹毫不相让，內容详细。

2.提单背书恰当合理

记名提单应该有与提货单收件人一致的公司章手迹背诵，指示提单应该有与提货单发件人一致的手迹背诵及提货单持有者的公司章手迹背诵。

3.持团本提货单订舱应出具备收件人公司章的手迹背诵的票据，且团本提货单与票据上的背诵应一致。

4.订舱前，应向船运公司掌握所持提货单之抵达空运提单的船名船次，并将贵公司联系电话留到提货单反面。

5.订舱后，应细心核查提货单与提单內容。如发现问题，可实时向经办人员工作人员询问。

拼柜订舱怎样实际操作

拼柜订舱：一般全是电放的提货单，你得提前准备有一张有收件人正此章的空白纸做订舱票据的用处，大部分沒有直单，都是货代公司的套单，非常简单，一般套单上边都是有当地代理商的联系电话和详细地址，但是全是英语的

成箱订舱：原件的多一些，东南亚地区的基本上全是电放。流程和拼柜没很大差别。说说原件订舱，你需要去船运公司去换，有的船运公司交到联代，外代，运输等这种大企业来代理商，她们代理商的情况下应船运公司的标准会压你一张空白支票，怕海运集装箱有毁坏或是遗失。，别的的你需要留意的便是平常多多的累积每个代理记账公司船运公司的联系电话详细地址哪些的，也有便是订舱的情况下一定要留意核查柜号，这东西有时也会错误，发觉的早能够防止损害的。

货代单的步骤

hipper拿着外代H.B/L——交结汇金融机构——开证金融机构——CNEE——我局代理商，代理商将M.B/L交还船运公司分配入货，通告Consignee去取货(Consignee已在货到前就搞好了清关手续及交空运提单造成的Local Charge及订舱费)。

注：進口状况下，一般是船代或船运公司出提单，货代公司跟船运公司用船东单换提单，发货人跟货代公司用货代公司提货单换回来货代公司从船运公司获得的提单!一层套一层的关联，有N层订单，就换N-1次单!只了解那样，这个是進口的压根!换完单以后便是等待过关取货了。

提单又被称为小提货单，不具备商品流通特性.是在空运提单凭着提货单到货代公司获得.凭着提单到库房去取货.

由于船运公司选用”集中化卸船，库房取货”的作法，因此造成了提单。

進口二次订舱

進口二次订舱是因为转船运送，务必凭一程正本提单获得二程提货单传真件。凭传真件获得提单。

二次订舱跟转船没事儿的，关键因为发件人那，没立即取得船运公司的MASTER B/L，反而是找了货运代理公司海运订舱，由货运代理公司审签HOUSE B/L给发件人，用于在空运提单订舱导致的。那样就必须收件人在空运提单寻找H B/L的上的订舱代理商(即发件人那里，审签H B/L的企业，其在空运提单合作方，可能是子公司，也可能是协作企业)，先获得M B/L(一次订舱)，再用M B/L向船运公司开展订舱(二次订舱)，随后才可以申请，取货(有一部分中国海关能够以H B/L申请)。

花费难题：1.二次订舱会造成2次的订舱花费。2.此外海运费用上很有可能会出现价差的。

附：英语

What is a Switch Bill of Lading and when and why is it used..??

In the normal course of business you might have come across the term Switch Bill of Lading.. A “Switch” bill of lading is the second set of bill of lading that may be issued by the carrier (or agent) in exchange for the first set of bill of lading originally issued when the shipment was effected..

Why does one ask for or require a Switch bill of lading..?? Switch bills are requested generally when there has been a change in the original trading conditions.. Some of the reasons could be :

• Goods could have been resold and the discharge port has now been changed to another port and this could have occurred as a high-seas sale..
• The seller (who could be an intending agent) does not wish the name of the actual exporter to be known to the consignee in case the consignee strikes a deal with the exporter directly..
• The seller does not want to know the buyer to know the actual country of origin of the cargo so he requests that the port of loading be shown as some port other than the one the cargo was loaded from..

The practice of issuance of switch bills of lading is considered by many, Including TT Clubs and insurance companies, to be dubious or fraudulent depending upon the reasons why the switch bill of lading is required to be issued..

In order to protect themselves from any possible claims arising out of issuing switch bills of lading, the shipping line/agent have to ensure that

• They are covered by their insurance for issuance of such switch bills of lading
• They should provide their insurance company with the exact reason for the issuance of the switch bill of lading..
• They must have the written authority of the prinCIPal before issuing the switch bill of lading, if the issuing party is acting as agents for a shipping line or principal..
• They must issue the switched bill only after collecting the first set of bills, as the dangers of two sets of original bills in circulation for the same cargo are many..
• The switched set should not contain any information different to that of the original bill of lading, (like incorrect port of loading, or change in the condition and quantity of the cargo).. If switch bills contains misrepresentations, the carrier/agent will be at risk of claims from parties who have suffered a loss because of such misrepresentations..
• If the agent has been asked by the principal to issue the switch bill of lading based on an indemnity from the customer, the agent should ensure to get the wording format from the principal and get the completed indemnity approved by the principal before issuing the switch bill of lading..

It seems to be the concerted view of almost all insurance companies covering exports, that a switch bill of lading issued with any misrepresentation or information contrary to the first set issued, without the express acCEPtance and understanding of the buyer is a fraudulent document..